Do not remind you of the prevalence of vascular diseases.In the summer season, each time going outside you can notice a blue net on caviar in women and men.How dangerous this pathology is, probably not everyone knows.
What are varicose veins
What are varicose veins?This is a disease where peripheral arteries become swollen.They become tortuous, knotty, and protrude above the surface of the skin.
Normal blood circulation is disturbed, pressure occurs.
When it reaches maximum concentration, the walls of blood vessels stretch.
The legs become blue, due to the large number of protruding vessels and venous nets.
Risk factors
Factors that provoke the appearance of varicose veins include:
- taking hormonal medications, pregnancy;
- the influence of extra pounds, obesity;
- hereditary factor;
- work in high temperatures, constantly sitting or standing.
You need to constantly monitor your lifestyle.Avoid overworking your legs or doing too much physical activity.
Carry out prevention as soon as the first signs seemed.
Causes
There are two conditional subgroups: primary and secondary causes of illness.
Primary:
- hard physical work;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- weight gain;
- hereditary factor;
- Genetic location.
Secondary:
- stress and anxiety;
- the pressure in the area of the tributary of arterial blood;
- physical training with heavy weights;
- too narrow clothes, tight shoes;
- disruption of the endocrine system.
The mechanism of development of varicose veins
It all starts with light manifestations, it seems that simple fatigue acts on the joints.At the end of the working day, swelling appears, pain in calves, convulsions periodically bother.
Soon manifestations noticeable to the naked eye begin to develop.First, a light vascular network appears on the legs, and then nodularity.
The mechanism of development of the disease must be stopped as soon as the first pain is felt.
Stages
There are 6 stages of varicose veins.They are developing rapidly.If you do not treat the disease at the first stage, you can quickly end up on the operating table.
Degree - 0. A person begins to feel the whole range of sensations inherent in the disease, but the examination does not show a positive result.
Degree - 1. Symptoms progress and a venous mesh appears on the legs.
Degree – 2. From this stage the manifestation of typical varicose veins begins.Joints ache after exertion or long periods of stagnation.The arteries swell and nodes appear.
The degree - 3. The rest is added edema, which is more pronounced in the evening.
Degree – 4. Trophic changes develop.The limbs take on a sick appearance, the skin color changes, and wounds appear.
Degree - 5. The totality of all manifestations and a healed ulcer.
Degree - 6. Trophic ulcer continues to actively develop.
Types of vascular malaise
This classification of varicose veins is divided based on the types of the affected body.
There are only 4 types, namely:
- reticular varicose veins.There are no complications at this stage, only small capillaries are touched.Therapy quickly eliminates this defect;
- segmental.It is considered the initial stage of varicose veins.Tributary arteries are affected;
- The trunk is called varicose veins when a large and small subcutaneous artery participate.The ducts increase, since the symptom is insufficient circulation;
- perforating.Connecting veins and superficial vessels under the skin expand.
The listed types of varicose veins are characteristic of different stages of development and manifestation of venous deformation.
Than the disease is dangerous in the absence of timely therapy
With this pathology, it is very important to promptly seek help from specialists.Each stage quickly transitions into a new one.
As varicose veins gain momentum, they can develop into more serious problems.
- Thrombosis.When the blood thickens, it clogs the blood vessels.Blood clots form.Legs hurt and swell.
- Teleangiectasia.Harmony that aesthetically does not decorate the legs.Vascular nets appear.And also convulsions and swelling are concerned.
- Thrombophlebitis.A complex disease with characteristic symptoms.Dark skin, redness, blockage of blood vessels, blood clots.
- Trophilical ulcer.This is a consequence of a severe form of varicose veins.Blood circulation is broken, open wounds, ulcers appear.
- Bleeding.The arteries cover and swell the skin so much that it eventually thins and tears.Hemorrhage can be internal or external.
Diagnostics
Often, the symptoms are bright and clearly expressed.
Do not make a diagnosis yourself, it is better to undergo an examination by specialists.
Patient complaints
Initially, varicose veins does not show itself.
The most common complaints may be swelling, fatigue after walking in heels and cramps at night.
Clinical examination
The appearance of the lower extremities will indicate the diagnosis.The legs are swollen, with mild or pronounced vascular network.
In the last stages, ulcers are possible.
Instrumental techniques
The doctor must be directed to ultrasound diagnostics.This method is very informative.He will show the state of blood vessels, blood flow, patency, blood clots and so on.
Laboratory techniques
Using tests, you cannot find a pathology, but this will definitely help to find out about the condition of the blood.
An excessive amount of leukocytes indicates that an inflammatory process occurs in the body.
What specialists need to contact
If disturbing signs and symptoms are detected, specialists will immediately conduct diagnostics.
What kind of doctor is needed?
First of all, a phlebologist.The specialization of the doctor is aimed precisely at the study of vein pathologies.
Therapist.The doctor will definitely prescribe tests and, based on the results, refer you to a specific specialist, which will significantly save your time.
Vascular surgeon.Its task is simple, to identify whether the state of vein and blood vessels has changed in connection with the development of the disease.As a result, prescribe treatment or prevention.
Angiologist.Specialists of this area prefer conservative intervention.This only helps to eliminate the subsequent growth of symptoms.Therefore, in the heavy stages, visiting this doctor will be inappropriate.
Symptoms of pathology
In order not to run
illness to incurable complications, it is necessary to know all the symptoms that may appear during the development of this ailment.
The main features:
- the appearance of heat;
- pain and heaviness;
- swelling and cramps in the evening;
- the venous network is brighter than usual;
- Skin seals.
Minor features:
- external changes cover only the area of the fossa under the knee and the back surface of the leg;
- affected tissues are felt;
- swelling of soft tissues and feet;
- pigmentation and skin compaction;
- trophic ulcers.
There are also severe symptoms of varicose veins, which require immediate hospitalization: bleeding, rupture of nodes.
Therapy
The intended treatment for varicose veins depends on its progression.
Conservative methods can be used by patients who immediately seek medical help.
Drug treatment
After undergoing medical diagnostics, the doctor prescribes a course of drugs necessary for the case.
After the course of treatment, the patient must be diagnosed again to make sure that there is no need to continue treatment.
In other cases, the drugs are taken again.
Use of compression materials
The phlebologist individually selects special underwear, which he restores without surgical intervention.
Diet
The patient needs to eat foods to strengthen the vascular walls, preventing blood clotting and the formation of blood clots.They contain the main component – coumarin.
For example: red currant, garlic, cherry, lemon.
Exercise therapy
Physical exercise is very important for this disease.
Payloads activate blood circulation and flow to the lower extremities.
Physiotherapy
One of the methods of treating varicose veins is physiotherapy.The procedures are selected and prescribed only by a doctor based on the individual course of the disease.
This could be a massage or laser method.
Hirudotherapy
This procedure relaxes the muscles, dilutes blood, normalizes blood pressure, restores lymph flow.
Surgery
Surgical measures are used when the patient seeks help late.
Main surgical methods: phlebectomy, short stripping, endoscopic vein dissection.
Prevention for varicose veins
Preventive methods of the disease are very important especially at the initial stage of development.
Try to walk more on foot, do not wear tight shoes and clothes.Do not get involved in campaigns in a bathhouse or sauna.
After a hard day, you can do simple exercises that promote relaxation.
Gymnastics
Light classes selected by a specialist will help activate blood circulation in the legs.
There are complexes that can be performed not only at home, but also in working conditions.
People's therapy
Sometimes grandmother's folk methods of treatment are no less effective.
Here are some of them:
- Horse chestnut tincture.Three courses of treatment are required, each of them goes like this: for 7 days before meals, drink one tablespoon of the tincture.Afterwards we take a break for 14 days and then continue.To make it you need to take 50 grams of plant flowers, 0.5 liters of alcohol.Pour in the chestnuts and leave for two weeks.
- To strengthen blood vessels, drink fresh juices from fruits and vegetables every day.Regular saturation of the body with vitamins will prevent the development of the disease.
Which is harmful with varicose veins
The ailment described above does not like the heat and huge power loads.You can’t jump, run, engage in a treadmill and step.
Barbell lovers will also have to postpone the session in order to eliminate the load on the lower limbs.